Identify the different Types of Charters available to contract a Assignment

Recognize the various Types of Charters accessible to get a vessel, and quickly clarify the remarkable highlights of the various Types of Charters distinguished above - Assignment Example rouping of agreement, an uncovered pontoon sanction, the vessel proprietor leases the flawless stage, and the charterer has the obligation of in administration it as despite the fact that it were his have transport. As the name involves, the uncovered boat is choked. The vessel holder has discard impact of the vessel in hold up of the stage along with this through the sanction gathering.2 The charterer pays the flawless working use oil, supplies, necessities, port contribution, pilot age, etc, just as utilizes and pays the group. However, there perhaps will be a fragment in the agreement assembling that is the ace and the pioneer engineer must be acknowledged by methods for the vessel owner. Gathering is a normal marine articulation and is indistinguishable by methods for understanding or agreement. 3 Agreement and contract are various types of understanding arrangement task decisions which a provider offers. Client holds out vessel; client capacities plan undertakings. Surprisingly a subsequent client offers vessel; clients takes out providers groups program assignments and capacities. Temporary worker performs plan assignments decisions contractual worker offers. Client performs vessel and capacities plans missions it. Contractual worker accomplishes program turnkey.4 The charterer is responsible for the continuation, preservation, and security of the vessel. Past to discharge to the charterer, the boat is reviewed through delegates of commonly get-togethers and the comparative is set up on redelivery. The agreements parties’ will specify that the boat must be redelivered in the comparable great game plan and circumstance as shipped, by methods for exclusion of common convey and shared. Contractual worker capacities transport offers through client decisions and are contra sts by methods for the specific separation being that the client, around altogether the concentrated government, has offered the vessel. There are various differed explanations behind this comprehension. One is a final product of weight from office of the executives and

Children using social media Essay

Numerous youngsters approach the Internet whether it is by PC, cell phone, tablet or other various kinds of hardware. Guardians permit their kids access to the Internet, however a lion's share of guardians don’t have power over their child’s use. There are sites, for example, Facebook, Twitter, Tumbler and Instagram, in which numerous youngsters younger than 15 and under have profiles. Online life permits individuals to cooperate with different clients, regardless of whether it is individuals they know face to face or even with outsiders. It permits individuals to impart their lives to the online world and everything occurs with the utilization of internet based life. In any case, there have been numerous reports of digital harassing, protection concerns and numerous other various wrongdoings being submitted on the Internet. Accordingly, in today’s world the Internet is anything but a 100% sheltered and secure condition. On the Internet, there are a great many pictures of liquor, tobacco and sexual practices and each client approaches the improper pictures. With web-based social networking, young people approach see grown-ups give their considerations about medications, sex and liquor and the assessment of those individuals may impact the psyches of youngsters. At a youthful age, kids are influenced and impacted by grown-ups and even controlled by grown-ups on the Internet which makes it dangerous for them to have online networking accounts. There are Internet clients who invest all their energy in the Internet, just to visit with unknown outsiders and there is a chance of meeting sexual stalkers in the Internet. In this manner, youngsters that are fifteen years old and under must not have internet based life accounts since web based life effectsly affects their evaluations, impacts human conduct and furthermore prompts protection issues. Initially, the utilization of internet based life adversely impacts the evaluations of adolescents. For this reason, web based life removes a great deal of time from break of people’s lives. Web clients are perusing on the web, signing on to Facebook and playing PC games for various hours. It isn't just grown-ups who have compulsion issues, however numerous young people have a similar issue. Youngsters that utilization web based life more than should be expected effectsly affect their evaluations. Schoolwork and considering has a gigantic effect in school grades. At the point when young people go through various hours on the web, they invest less energy in exercises that are significant, for example, investing time with family, day by day tasks or schoolwork. On an overview addressing 500 instructors, 58% of educators accept that advanced mobile phones and PCs are the purpose behind youngsters not having the option to spell just as previous ages. (http://www. broadcast. co. uk/training/educationnews/8142721/Social-systems administration educators fault Facebook-and-Twitter-for-understudies terrible scores. html) Also, on an alternate overview on that article, 73% of educators suggest that guardians limit the measure of time a kid is on the web and invest more energy doing schoolwork. Along these lines, most instructors accept that online life is demolishing numerous children’s exhibitions at school. In reality, kids are learning new words each day and in internet based life sites, words, for example, â€Å"tomorrow† is being spelt as â€Å"2morow† or â€Å"message† as â€Å"msg†. This creates turmoil for youngsters, as their jargon is being joined with â€Å"slang† terms. In rundown, internet based life influences evaluations of kids in negative terms and furthermore impacts their human conduct. Furthermore, online life impacts human practices of kids. In actuality, web based life is a domain where numerous youngsters are affected by various individuals in various sites. In sites, for example, Twitter and Facebook numerous clients communicate by posting pictures of medications, liquor and sex. A greater part of their records are open to any Facebook client and this permits youngsters to observe express photographs and addition more information about the â€Å"real† world. There is a significant possibility that they will likewise become heavy drinkers, medication and sex addicts when they are grown-ups. In this way, the more information they get about the â€Å"real† world, the more impacted they are. In April 2011, understudies from El Monte Union High School District in Los Angeles (prevalently younger than 15) were reviewed about their continuous utilization of web based life and their medication and liquor use. Just about 30 percent of young people smoked and over portion of them expended liquor at a certain point. (http://www. inspector. com/article/companions web based life photographs impact youngster smoking-and-drinking) Additionally, the majority of those adolescents every so often uncover photographs of themselves celebrating, drinking and smoking. Youngsters that are younger than 15 are being affected by seeing clients via web-based networking media sites post unseemly pictures. Accordingly, a dominant part of young people will likewise become heavy drinkers, medication and sex addicts because of impact from internet based life sites. They will have impulses to utilize swear words, drink liquor, try different things with various sorts of medications and have a longing for sexual practices because of what they are seeing in that specific purpose of their lives. For this situation, web based life adversely impacts children’s practices and subsequently will prompt protection issues. On the Internet, there are numerous kid clients yet additionally numerous sexual stalkers that scan for kids on the Internet. Kids younger than 15, utilize web-based social networking to associate and speak with companions. A greater part of kids additionally want to meet individuals in the regular age gathering, a significant number of them would lean toward the individuals they meet to be in the contrary sex. Subsequently, numerous sexual stalkers decided to make counterfeit profiles to mimic the lives of a small kid in the regular age gatherings of various measures of youngsters. Indeed, sexual stalkers on the Internet control kids (generally younger than 15) to meet face to face in a perilous situation. In Southern California, a multi year old male was captured due to having sexual relations with two multi year olds, one male and one female. He got together with the youngsters face to face in the wake of meeting them online at a web based life site. (http://www. mercurynews. com/wrongdoing courts/ci_24108468/morgan-slope southern-california-man-captured after-web) therefore, numerous web based life sites are undependable for youngsters. There are pedophiles that can control youngsters, by acting like another kid in light of the way that kids younger than 15 are naïve and still need to develop. As an end, there are numerous sexual stalkers on the Internet that make it a dangerous domain for some youngsters. Because of negative effects on grades, consequences for human conduct and absence of protection, internet based life accounts are not for kids 15 years old or under. Over utilization of web-based social networking sites will lead youngsters to not do well in school. They will be affected by unknown outsiders and furthermore meet various sorts of individuals and a chance of meeting sexual stalkers. Another part of online networking sites is that it impacts youngsters in a negative manner. Online networking accounts are for individuals that are savvy and capable enough to recognize what is â€Å"right† and â€Å"wrong†. Kids are

GLOW Book Club To the Time Machine!

GLOW Book Club To the Time Machine! I binged Netflixs new show GLOW because its pretty impossible not to. I was drawn in by the 80s setting and stayed for the charactersmostly down on their luck or looking for their place in this world (L.A.) ladies. While I know I watched at least some of the original episodes of Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling as a kid (You dont need to be a wrestling fan at all or know the original show to love Netflixs GLOW.) I dont really have much of a memory of it. My friend, on the other hand, remembers it playing before Rhonda Shears Up All NightIf you remember that show you just read the Up all squeaked-up. I have no clue if this is an accurate memory on her part or how we sometimes blend childhood memories together as adults, but I do know she was super excited in her remembering watching Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling with her cousins and we spent a lot of time gushing over the new show. Netflixs GLOW isnt a remake, but rather a fictional imagining inspired by Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling and its awesome and everything I didnt know I wanted. It also left me with a deep desire to hang with these ladies, so Im packing up a DeLorean that I saw on eBay with books and traveling to the 80s to give these ladies some reads and to hang out and try out some wrestling moves, of course. Mild spoilers ahead, maybe? GLOW book club: Sheila the She-wolf: Oh Sheila, my little wolf, Im so happy youve found a place in this world where the true inside-you can shine. And for those times the other ladies want to hug you or talk too much to you and not give you the space a lone wolf needs, heres the audiobook The Devourers by Indra Das. Whats this iPhone loaded with audiobooks, you ask? Well talk about that later right now all you need to know is this intense, original, and brutal story about a professor and the half-werewolf he meets is everything you want to read right now. I look forward to your thoughts, Wolf. Oh, and when youre done with that you have to read Emil Ferris My Favorite Thing is Monsters. Seriously, the girl identifies with monsters and I think youd totally understand each other. Tamme ´ Dawson: Dawson, you look good in the ring! Like maybe youve done this before? *wink-wink. Clearly youre athletic and know how to put on a good show, so Im handing you a new (in 2017) comic series SLAM!  (because not only are you awesome in the wrestling ring, but I know youd be awesome at roller derby, too). Yes, I am trying to tell you that Id pay money to both watch you wrestle and slam some ladies while on skates! Debbie Egan: We dont know each other, so rather than totally invading your personal space and hugging you Im going to hand you the audiobook Heartburn by Nora Ephron, narrated by Meryl Streep. You can talk to Wolf over there about the whole whats an iPhone? thing, but the important thing is I think Ephrons novel, which is what she wrote in response to catching her husband cheating on her while pregnant, will be like having a friend that can totally commiserate with you. Plus, its Nora Ephron, so even if its dealing with sad, frustrating, anger-inducing life moments, itll still be funny. Cherry Bang: Trying to make it as an actress is hard! I know because Ive read a lot of actor memoirs and they generally struggle a lot, for many years, before finding success. I think Taraji P. Henson has a lot of valuable life stories in her Around the Way Girl audiobookI know you dont know who she is, but Im from the future and I promise shes a big deal and had to work her ass off to get to where shes at. Just be warned youre going to want to immediately be her best friend as soon as youre done with her memoir. Ruth Wilder: You wouldnt happen to be related to a Joan, would you? Shes a romance novelist, had a rough trip through Colombia recently? You may want to ask your parents Anyhoo, while you keep trying to figure out your life and your gigantic misstep, I have 32 Candles by Ernessa T. Carter for you. Its a novel about a girl who runs away (in the 80s!) and grows up having to pave her own way while learning a bunch of valuable lessons. Her name is Davidia Jones and I think youd really enjoy getting to know her plus she ends up being great at giving advice. Arthie Premkumar: Between studying, having to help out your roommate with her hardcore crush, and being given a character to portray that fans the Islamophobia flames, you look like you need a break! So I brought you Sandhya Menons When Dimple Met Rishi because it is a totally delightful novel about a young Indian woman and man beginning their career paths while possibly finding love. Maybe Dimple’s tenacityor the Bollywood dancingwill inspire you to demand a better character and more time in the ring. Carmen Wade: Youre so awesome and already come with the passion for wrestling many of the other women dont get, but its a shame that your family doesnt get it. Well they get the wrestling passionbig timethey just dont get the part about letting you follow your dreams. Id like to share with you one of my all-time favorite comic series where the girls/women are awesome and they save themselves, usually while butting heads with family members: Princeless by Jeremy Whitley. Sam Sylvia: I have no idea who thought youd be the best person for this job, but here we are apparently, so sit down and watch your head cause Im going to throw some books at you and youre not getting up until youve read them all and fully absorbed the information. Ready? Here comes:  You Cant Touch My Hair: And Other Things I Still Have to Explain by Phoebe Robinson; Trainwreck: The Women We Love to Hate, Mock, and Fear and Why by Sady Doyle; Shrill: Notes from a Loud Woman by Lindy West; You Dont Have to Like Me: Essays on Growing Up, Speaking Out, and Finding Feminism by Alida Nugent; Here We Are: Feminism for the Real World by Kelly Jensen. You can ignore all the things about technology and shows, etc., that you may not understand yet, just focus on the actual messages. Think Im going to hang out here in the 80s for a bit to learn some wrestling moves and keep book clubbing with the GLOW ladies. I can already feel my hair tripling in size. Save Save Save Save Save Save Save Save Save Save Save Save Save Save

United States Immigration Reform Why The Debate Is At A...

Nas Owusu Professor Gilmour GOVT 05-06-2015 United States Immigration Reform: Why the debate is at a Standstill â€Å"Remember, remember always, that all of us, and you and I especially are descended from immigrants and revolutionists.† –Franklin D. Roosevelt Immigration continues to be is a highly controversial topic in the United States of America. At times it seems that the only common ground that can be found is that the United States immigration system is completely and totally broken. After doing only a small amount of research those who may view immigration issues as only the problem of individual immigrants with find that the problem has sweeping influence and vast consequences. Today’s immigration debates continue to center on issues that stem from the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. This legislation ended up being very problematic, and becoming an action that many look back on with regret. After diving into the law itself, the problems surrounding the law, the debate afterwards, and the proposed solutions we will gain clearer insight into the intricacies of the United States immigration debate. The United States has been a symbol of freedom and opportunity that millions of men and women around the world for years. Immigration has a huge part to play in the economic and social development of the United States. The country has relied on constant flow of people from all pockets of the world. As a result, the United States has benefited from aShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:

Animal Rights Essay - 1091 Words

Animal Rights Non-human animals are given rights only because of their interactions with human beings. Without involvement with humans, animals do not deserve rights. It is through this interaction with humans that animals are even given moral consideration. We do not give rights to a rock simply because it is a creation of Mother Nature, similarly non-human animals do not have rights unless it is in regards to humans. As pointed out by Jan Narveson morality is a sort of agreement among rational, independent, self-interested persons who have something to gain from entering into such an agreement (192). In order to have the ability to obtain rights one must be consciously able to enter into an agreement, non-human animals are†¦show more content†¦Contrary to Narveson, I do not believe that animals should be denied of moral consideration because of their limited ability to harm humans. First of all, this statement is false animals clearly have the ability to attack if so desired not b y the human, but by the decision of the animal. In our sculpted urban environments animals are exiled and in relatively minimal human contact. Such predacious animals, that have historically attacked humans, have been kept out of our society by enormous architectural fences. These animals that attack usually need vast open spaces to hunt game, these environments hardly exist any more, and these animals are rarely in contact with humans. These urban areas do not attract animals with the capacity to attack humans but that is not to say that these animals do not have the ability to harm us, we have just manipulated our environment so that they are on the outside. One thousand years ago, humans would have been more likely to have been attacked by an animal. Our modern buildings and infrastructure isolate us from these creatures and has also reduced their population making it less dangerous for a human to worry about being struck by a beast on their way to work. Also, Narveson states that Humans have excellent reason to be fearful about each other (193). She goes on to state that humans not only have the capacity to harm one another but are often interested in doing so(194). In the case of an animalShow MoreRelatedAnimal Rights And Human Rights923 Words   |  4 Pages Animal Rights â€Å"Nearly as many, 68 percent, were concerned or very concerned about the well-being of animals used in ‘sports’ or contests as well as animals in laboratories (67 percent) (Kretzer, 1).† Many people question whether an animal is capable of thought and emotions. Others feel as though animals are the equivalent of humans and should be treated as such. Since the 1800’s, animal rights has been a topic that has several different sides including two extremes. If animals can react to theirRead MoreThe Debate On Animal Rights910 Words   |  4 PagesThere are two major schools of thought on animal protection. First, is the tenet that animals should have rights and the second, more radical view, is that animals should be liberated. Many of the rights that are promoted for animals are similar to the rights of human democratic societies. The basic rights, which are recommended by a number of advocates, are that animals should be free from suffering, be in posses sion of their own life, and their basic interests should be given the same considerationRead MoreAnimal Rights Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal rights - moral or legal entitlements attributed to nonhuman animals, usually because of the complexity of their cognitive, emotional, and social lives or their capacity to experience physical or emotional pain or pleasure. (Britannia encyclopedia online, n.d.). The definition of animal rights is so clear to us. Human rights need to be protected, so do animal rights. In 1976, in New York City, thousands of cat lovers were beaten when they heard a painful test to be taken for pets’ sexualRead MoreEssay on ANIMAL RIGHTS790 Words   |  4 PagesAnimals have their own rights as do to humans and we should respect that and give them the same respect we give each other. Animals deserve to be given those same basic rights as humans. All humans are considered equal and ethical principles and legal statutes should protect the rights of ani mals to live according to their own nature and remain free from exploitation. This paper is going to argue that animals deserve to have the same rights as humans and therefore, we don’t have the right to killRead MoreAnimal Rights Philosophy768 Words   |  4 Pagesissue of animal rights, Carl Cohen takes on the perspective of a reformist. This means that he accepts animal experimentation and meat eating, but believes that these institutions need to be improved upon. Cohen approaches the issue of animal rights using the ideas of obligations and rights, with not only the reformist perspective, but with the speciesist perspective. The conclusion he draws is that animals do not necessarily have rights just because humans have moral obligations to animals. CohenRead MoreThe Argument Of Animal Rights2068 Words   |  9 PagesSeems rhetorical, but the fact is animals live through this everyday, without even given the choice. As humans, we establish our authority among all living beings, but for what reasons? Are humans better than all other species? Or is it true that we should hold a precedence over nonhuman animals? The ultimate question then remains, should animals have as much or equal to the same rights as humans? Their are endless arguments for and against this question, and many sub arguments that go hand in handRead MoreAnimal Rights And The Rights Of Animals1843 Words   |  8 Pagesthe rights of animals and if they think and feel like humans do. Many people see animals as mindless creatures or as food, while others think they have emotions and can feel pain. In other countries animal protection laws are in place that are strictly enforced and seem to work well with the system. In the United States however; some of the anima l rights laws are considered to be useless and under-enforced (Animal Legal Historical Center). More people today are beginning to see that animals shouldRead MoreThe Issue Of Animal Rights Essay2300 Words   |  10 PagesAnimals have the right to equal consideration in regards to their being used for human needs as most people use animals for their own needs on a daily basis even if only indirectly whether to entertain us, or to attain the product we are using, or on our dinner plate. The controversy of the treatment of animals range from some activists and philosophers that are outspoken against animals being used by humans in any way for our own personal needs, while others are candid in their belief that animalsRead More Animal Rights Essay2330 Words   |  10 PagesAnimals and man have shared this planet since humans first appeared on earth. Animals have provided transportation, food, clothing, shelter, companionship and entertainment throughout the ages. Therefore, it is our duty to treat animals with respect, care and kindness and not cause them undue suffering, because they have, in many ways, made it possible for man to survive on earth. However, because normal adult humans have superior mental abilities in the hierarchical scale in nature, animals haveRead MoreArgumentary On Animals And Animal Rights1523 Words   |  7 Pagesclass was crazy! There was so much information regarding animal rights†¦ Sasha: I know. But I don’t know if any of that changed my views. I still think becoming a vegetarian is the way to go. Devon: You think? I still think that it is okay to eat meat. The animals just need to be raised in a humane manner. Sasha: Eh†¦I don’t know. Animals should just be left alone and be free to roam around in the wild. They should not be tortured like those animals that I saw while visiting that â€Å"kill floor†. Devon:

Qualitative and Quantitative social/behavioral inquiry Free Essays

The fundamental reason for doing research is discovery. The ancient development of faculties and scientists getting-together under the patronage of peer evaluation bodies of the Renaissance enhanced what we observe today as genuine scientific exploration through quantitative methods (Golafshani, 2003). Afterward, questions springing from difficult human relations as well as the failure of statistically precise models would catalyze legitimacy for other research methods, counting qualitative observation and discovery as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Qualitative and Quantitative social/behavioral inquiry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even though scholars have in the past dragged their feet in recognizing the equal validity and reliability of qualitative as well as mixed method research methods, social science studies partaken in the subject of organizational behavior, leadership, and ethics have effectively used all three approaches for a number of decades (Davis Sandifer2006). Qualitative research Qualitative research goes right through disciplines as well as subject matters. The main purpose of qualitative research is to achieve a well-rooted understanding of human behavior as well as explanations as to what regulates human behaviour. Thus, qualitative research is based on various aspects of behaviour explanations. To be more specific the research design finds out the why and how of decision-making as opposed to what, where and where. It calls for smaller and well-directed (focused) samples rather than large random samples that classify information into patterns as the chief basis for organizing and reporting results (McLeod, 2000). History of Quantitative Research Design This research design was the first to be employed in social studies, however with quantitative science gaining popularity in the 1950s and 1960s, its usefulness declined only to resuscitate in the 1970s. Qualitative research was construed as only relevant as far as anthropology and sociology were concerned. By then it was referred to as ethnography, fieldwork, participant observation or Chicago school (Heath, 1997). It was not until the 1970s and 1980s that qualitative research started to be utilized in other disciplines, significantly its use increasing in fields such s educational studies, social work studies, women’s studies, disability studies, information, management, nursing, human services, psychology communication among others. 1980s and 1990s saw the evolvement of novel methods of qualitative research aimed to cure the probable problems with reliability as well as inaccurate methods of data analysis. Although qualitative research is largely exploratory it can be argued that it is not definitively conclusive than the quantitative research. It is crucial to note that unlike quantitative research, qualitative research (data) cannot be expressed graphically or exposed in mathematical terms. While undertaking qualitative study one can use a number of approaches including, grounded theory practice, narratology, storytelling, classical ethnography or shadowing among others (Golafshani, 2003). Qualitative research can summarily be said to be concerned with the properties, state, as well as character of phenomena. The word qualitative entails an inflection on practices and meanings that are vigorously observed but is not meted in terms of quantity amount or frequency. Qualitative methods naturally afford a rich exhaustive data about a smaller number of samples. Qualitative data offers rooted and exhaustive data through direct quotation as well as careful explanation of circumstances, events association in addition to observed behaviours conventional quantitative methods such randomized controlled trials are the suitable methods of studying the effect of an intervention or treatment. However, a qualitative exploration of beliefs as well as perception is probable in establishing why some (people) for example patients opt to stick on prescribed treatment. In such instances, the two approaches should be construed to compliment one another rather than to compete (McLeod, 2000). Knowledge in qualitative study is for that reason more of the same kind as knowledge gained from an art as opposed to science. This does not imply that the knowledge is inferior. Nevertheless, it does not imply that it is dissimilar since it needs active participation of the reader to identify with the circumstances and associate the findings to his/her own situation. Qualitative Research methods Qualitative methods normally consist of three types of data collection viz. in-dept open-ended interviews; direct observation in addition to written materials comprising such sources an open-ended written item a questionnaires and personal articles. The information from open-ended interview comprises express extracts from people concerning their experiences, opinions, feelings and knowledge. The data from observations comprise of comprehensive depictions of partakers’ behaviours, staff action as well as the full range of human associations. On the other hand, document analysis avails excerpts, quotation, or entire passages from recent correspondence, official reports as well as open-ended surveys (Heath, 1997). Qualitative Evaluation Procedure Qualitative data starts as raw, evocative information concerning programmes and people in programmes. The assessor upon visiting the program, he/she is able to make first hand observation of the activities taking place within the program. In some occasions, the accessory can take part personally in those activities as participant observer. He can actively talk to the participants as well as staff in relation to their experiences as well as views, in addition to examining records and documents. Information collected from these interviews, observations and documents is then structured into major themes, classes as well as case examples via content analysis. Qualitative evaluation information can be offered alone or in conjunction with quantitative data. To a large extent, the validity and reliability of qualitative data is dictated by the methodological expertise, sensitivity as well as evaluator’s level of training. Orderly and careful observation comprises for more than just being present and looking around skilful interviewing does not comprise only asking questions, while content analysis calls for considerable reading to see what is there. For an evaluator to be able to generate positive and realistic qualitative evaluation data through observation, interviewing and content analysis he is required to be disciplined, knowledgeable, trained, practical as well as determined (Heath, 1997). Reliability in Qualitative Analysis. While quantitative research methods are chiefly projected to test theory as the experiments works deductively and is inclined to oriented outcome, qualitative researchers are occupied with the meaning of the phenomena in addition to lived experiences, which is not voluntarily observable process. Attention is directed towards social perspective in which events happen and have meaning in as well as stressing on understanding the social world from the point of perception of the participants in it. Quantitative research reliabilities projected on identifying as well as documenting recurrent, accurate and consistent or inconsistent features as patterns, themes, and worldviews in addition to any other phenomena being examined in similar or different human context (McLeod, 2000). How to cite Qualitative and Quantitative social/behavioral inquiry, Papers Qualitative and Quantitative social/behavioral inquiry Free Essays The fundamental reason for doing research is discovery. The ancient development of faculties and scientists getting-together under the patronage of peer evaluation bodies of the Renaissance enhanced what we observe today as genuine scientific exploration through quantitative methods (Golafshani, 2003). Afterward, questions springing from difficult human relations as well as the failure of statistically precise models would catalyze legitimacy for other research methods, counting qualitative observation and discovery as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Qualitative and Quantitative social/behavioral inquiry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even though scholars have in the past dragged their feet in recognizing the equal validity and reliability of qualitative as well as mixed method research methods, social science studies partaken in the subject of organizational behavior, leadership, and ethics have effectively used all three approaches for a number of decades (Davis Sandifer2006). Qualitative research Qualitative research goes right through disciplines as well as subject matters. The main purpose of qualitative research is to achieve a well-rooted understanding of human behavior as well as explanations as to what regulates human behaviour. Thus, qualitative research is based on various aspects of behaviour explanations. To be more specific the research design finds out the why and how of decision-making as opposed to what, where and where. It calls for smaller and well-directed (focused) samples rather than large random samples that classify information into patterns as the chief basis for organizing and reporting results (McLeod, 2000). History of Quantitative Research Design This research design was the first to be employed in social studies, however with quantitative science gaining popularity in the 1950s and 1960s, its usefulness declined only to resuscitate in the 1970s. Qualitative research was construed as only relevant as far as anthropology and sociology were concerned. By then it was referred to as ethnography, fieldwork, participant observation or Chicago school (Heath, 1997). It was not until the 1970s and 1980s that qualitative research started to be utilized in other disciplines, significantly its use increasing in fields such s educational studies, social work studies, women’s studies, disability studies, information, management, nursing, human services, psychology communication among others. 1980s and 1990s saw the evolvement of novel methods of qualitative research aimed to cure the probable problems with reliability as well as inaccurate methods of data analysis. Although qualitative research is largely exploratory it can be argued that it is not definitively conclusive than the quantitative research. It is crucial to note that unlike quantitative research, qualitative research (data) cannot be expressed graphically or exposed in mathematical terms. While undertaking qualitative study one can use a number of approaches including, grounded theory practice, narratology, storytelling, classical ethnography or shadowing among others (Golafshani, 2003). How to cite Qualitative and Quantitative social/behavioral inquiry, Papers

Leonardo da Vincis Contributions to Fine Arts

Question: Discuss about the Leonardo da Vincis Contributions to Fine Arts? Answer: Introduction Leonardo da Vinci was one the worlds greatest polymaths who also excelled in various fields like sculpture, architecture, music, literature, medical science, astronomy, history and many others, although he specifically excelled in the field of painting. He was also the most prominent figure in the High Renaissance period (1475-1525) of Italy. Leonardos Works: Early Age, 1480s, 1490s and 1500s, the Mona Lisa The Renaissance period in Europe saw a boom in the fields of literature, sculpture and painting. Many notable personalities enriched each of the fields with their immortal works. The most notable of them all was Leonardo da Vinci, who is also called as usniversal genius by modern historians. He excelled in many fields of study like science, botany, history, architecture, anatomy, etc. and he is recognized one of the greatest painters the world ever had (Freud). At an early age, Leonardo worked under the guidance of the then celebrated artist and sculptor Andrea Verocchio but soon, Leonardos brilliance of works far surpassed Verocchios. Leonardos first notable work was the Baptism of Christ, which was actually a work of Verocchio, assisted by Leonardo. Leonardos part of the work was so brilliant that it easily eclipsed Verocchios work in the painting. After this, he left Verocchios studio and started working on his own. Although, he changed subjects of the fields of his studies from time to time, he never left painting, and he created many masterpieces during various stages of his life. His early independent works mainly include several annunciations, depicting interaction between an angel and Virgin Mary (Lipton et al.). In the 1480s, Leonardo worked on three paintings, two of which were incomplete. Leonardo depicted a difficult phase of his life through St. Jerome in the Wilderness. This painting also contains evidence of Leonardos interest for anatomy. Another incomplete yet one of the best works of Leonardo was the Adoration of the Magi. It was a daring work with respect to the figure and the landscape, but Leonardo could not complete the work. His most important work of this period was the Virgin of the Rocks. This painting depicts infant Jesus with Virgin Mary and two other figures, one being an infant John the Baptist and the other his guardian angel, in a rocky landscape having whirling waters. One of the two versions of the painting is currently at Paris Louvre Museum and the other at London National Gallery (McCurdy). In 1498, Leonardo completed another masterpiece, The Last Supper that depicts the last supper of Jesus before his crucifixion. This painting is a very complex work and finds several interpretations by various researchers (Keele). In the early 16th century, Leonardo created the Mona Lisa, which is arguably the most famous and one of the best paintings of all time. One of the finest pieces of art, the Mona Lisa depicts a mysterious woman flaunting an elusive smile. Exact meaning of the smile is still unknown and explained differently by different researchers. As for the artwork, it was subtly drawn using oil on tempera like surface and with smooth painting technique without any sign of overpainting. Currently it resides at Louvre Museum in Paris. Other notable works of Leonardo include Virgin and Child with St. Anneamong others, which also influenced works of later notable artists like Raphael and Michelangelo (Lipton et al.). Conclusion Although, Leonardo da Vinci was a genius in multiple subjects, he specially excelled in fine arts, and his artworks influenced many other famous artists in the later period. He is arguably one of the greatest painters of all time. He was truly the greatest figure of the Renaissance in Europe. References Freud, Sigmund.Leonardo da Vinci-A Psychosexual Study of an Infantile Reminiscence. Read Books Ltd, 2015. Keele, Kenneth D.Leonardo da Vinci's Elements of the Science of Man. Academic Press, 2014. Lipton, Richard J., and Kenneth W. Regan. "Leonardo da Vinci: Proofs as Art."People, Problems, and Proofs. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. 29-34. McCurdy, Edward.The mind of Leonardo da Vinci. Courier Corporation, 2013.

What Is an Educated Filipino free essay sample

â€Å"Education isn’t how much you have committed to memory, or even how much you know. It’s being able to differentiate between what you know and what you don’t†. –Anatole France- Life itself offered an education as you know it, without the right needs, bow can you call it life when you do not enjoy it? This is one in my opinion I think that is more important than a informal education. Many times I’ve heard â€Å"it is not what you know, but who you know†. We Filipinos are given the right to be educated, but what are the attitudes that we must possess to be called an educated Filipino? I think this is the time for us to have the ingredients of education. We must have the ability, the knowledge and the mindset that will help us nurture ourselves and others. Education makes a man who he is and what he does. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is an Educated Filipino or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It chooses his faith and when he is on the right path, he leaves him in his own, make his own decisions with his new life with education. It shows the surrounding people who you are, what you like and what you don’t. Education has to be used the right way to be drive out the most of life. Only education can help you in the future, so why abuse it, and take it if you can! As I read the essay of Francisco Benitez entitled â€Å"what is an educated Filipino†, I end up realizing that it’s not only the knowledge being taught in school can let others to call us an educated one but it is also on how we deal to our fellowmen, to our country, and of course to our selves. Through trials and tribulations in life and we learn to be a more understanding person. Education and life are far from over, but that life and education is a journey. We cannot go through life and learn nothing for to even make it that we know nothing, we have also realized that there is so much else in life and that could be education.

Taoism Essays - Taoism, Tao Te Ching, Tao, Laozi, Wu Wei

Taoism Essays - Taoism, Tao Te Ching, Tao, Laozi, Wu Wei Taoism Throughout history, Taoism has been one of the most influential religions of Eastern culture. This is certainly one of the most unique of all religions. Many Taoists, in fact, do not even consider it a religion; and in many ways it is not. Taoists make no claim that the Tao exists.1 That is what essentially separates Taoism from the rest of the world religions: there is no heated debate or battle over Taoist doctrine; there have been no crusades to spread the religion. The very essence of Taoism is quite the opposite. Taoism?s uniqueness and open-endedness have allowed the religion to flourish almost undisturbed and unchanged for over two thousand years. The founder of Taoism was a man named Lao Tzu, who lived around the year 604 B.C.E. According to Chinese legend, Lao Tzu was an archivist in the imperial library at Lo Yang was known for his knowledge, although he never taught.2 When Lao Tzu left his position at the library, he went to the Chinese province of Chou. At the border, however, he was stopped and forced to write down his teachings. During this time, he wrote the Tao Te Ching, the major scripture of Taoism.3 After Lao Tzu?s death, a man named Yang Chu (440-366 B.C.E.) took up his teachings.4 A naturalist and philosopher, Yang Chu believed highly in self-regard and survival as the core of human nature and direction. His ideals were personal integrity and self-protection, and said that he was unwilling to pluck one hair from his head even if all humanity were to benefit from it.5 The next influential Taoist philosopher was Chang Tzu, who lived from 350-275 B.C.E. He defined existence using Lao Tzu?s teachings.6 He wrote fifty-two books in response to the Tao Te Ching, thirty-three of which still survive today.7 Using exaggeration and fantasy, he illustrated Lao Tzu?s teachings and how the Tao acted in nature. His theories spoke of a cosmic unity which encompasses all reality and guides it naturally, without force, to its proper end.8 The Yin and Yang theory became part of Taoist philosophy around 300 B.C.E. when they were mentioned in the Hsi tz?u, an appendix to the I Ching.9 Yin and Yang are defined as the two forces in nature. They are often called the two ?breaths? or ch?i.10 Yin is the feminine principle, representing darkness, coolness, and dampness; Yang is the masculine principle, representing brightness, warmth, and dryness.11 Neither principle is good or bad; they are not opposites, but each is needed to maintain stability in the universe.12 This belief holds that everything is defined through opposition; consequently, the virtues of balance and understanding are highly valued.13 Taoism became an official religion between 100 and 200 C.E.14 Due to competition from Buddhism, Taoists adopted many Buddhist beliefs. During this pivotal point in the religion?s history, searching for self-knowledge and wisdom were replaced by searching for solutions to sorrows and other physical problems.15 Alchemy and superstition became highly popular during this period of time, as Taoists tried to escape reality rather than to control the artificial and unnatural. Many Taoists used magic and the concept of Tao to try to extend the physical life rather than to focus on the afterlife.16 Gradually the religion becomes more complicated, with a wide pantheon of gods and a ruling hierarchy.17 The leader Chang Ling took the title ?Heavenly Teacher? in 200 C.E. He created a dynasty of high priests who manipulated Taoism to support a superstitious doctrine of magic and mysticism.18 Seizing higher power as a religious leader, he pioneered a merging of Taoism and Zoroastrianism into a system called Five Bushels of Rice Taoism. Eventually this developed into a society based on Mazdaism, a Zoroastrian sect, where every believer was charged five bushels of rice.19 Although the believers followed the basic Zoroastrian worship format, they worshipped different gods: the Tao instead of Ahura-Mazda, and the various Chinese folk gods in place of the Persian Angels.20 Three hundred years later, the philosopher Honen moved away from Mazdaism and combined Taoism with Buddhism. This simplified religion he created became known as the Pure Land School, or Amidaism. Gradually, however, Taoism again became tied to magic, and it failed as a religion.21 Today, only its original philosophies survive and there are very few followers of Taoism, mostly found in Taiwan.22 Although Taoism?s religious practices deteriorated with advancing Western influence, its philosophical aspects have outlasted those of Confucianism and Zen Buddhism.23 For centuries, Taoism has been known as the Way of Harmony.24 This is because Taoists believe that the Tao leads all nature toward a natural balance. The Tao, however, is not

ECN 212 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ECN 212 - Essay Example Outsourcing transfers jobs and/or assets to an external third party, foreign or domestic.† (Burton, 2013 p. 37). For example, a company may outsource a certain department which would be more expensive for them to set up than to outsource to a third party located outside of the United States. The most common example for this is the customer service department of credit card companies where calls are instead routed to a third party outsourced by the company. We can cite Capital One outsourcing its customer service department to companies like Accenture which already has the learning curve and capability to perform this function. This saves the company time, resources and effort of setting up its own call center and instead rely on the value of service delivery provided by its outsource partner. Outsourcing however is not only confined to customer service. It is also pervasive in the manufacturing sector which is evident in China whereby many products sold in the US are manufactur ed in China. This phenomenon is due to the availability of low wage workers in China not to mention its relatively relaxed labor laws. In addition, China has almost an â€Å"unlimited availability of resources, significant labor cost reductions, fewer government regulations, lower taxes and huge profits† (Burton, 2013 p. 34) which explains why there is an exodus of manufacturing plant to China. This kind of business set up allows companies to focus on their core businesses without being distracted by an operation that can be done better by an outsource company. In sum, the company benefits â€Å"velocity improvement, quality improvement, cost reduction, resource and logistics optimization, eliminating waste, reducing global supply chain complexity and risk, and improving the overall customer experience† (Burton, 2013 p. 34). While there are a myriad benefits in outsourcing, cost plays a major factor among companies to outsource jobs outside of US. The reduction in cost is so significant that companies will even tolerate a slight deviation from the ideal standard of service delivery. For example, in the call centers outsourced to Philippines and India, the job requires utmost proficiency in the English language since the work requires direct interaction with the respective company’s customers who are located in the US. Since most of the agents are not native speakers, it is understandable that there is a gap among non-native speakers in their communication skills. This deficiency however is offset by the savings in cost (Lockwood, 2012). Outsourcing has an effect on wages. It will invariably pull down the wages in the home country because workers will have to compete with their counterparts in the outsourced countries who could do or almost do the same job at a significantly lower cost. The law of supply and demand states that price of wages will generally fall down if there is a competition that could provide the same work at a lower cost. On the other hand, the reverse will happen in the outsourced country in terms of wages. Wages in outsourced countries are generally so low that even if they are contracted at a price considered as low in the contracting countries, the wages given are still considered to be high. As such, it will have a pull effect of increasing wages in outsourcing industry. In the long run, higher wages will mean

Final two pages Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Final two pages - Assignment Example Composition entailed the application of the visual elements to produce a frame that is consistent with the entire continuity. The story is about a student who attends a school in which he has to sit for the entry examinations. He failed the first exam, which forced him to create a pill that shall assist in mutation and the development of a photographic memory. This would allow the student to memorize the contents of the entire book in order to correctly answer the examination questions. As a result, the student manages to attain an A grade in the examination, leading to his admission in the school. The film further expounds on the concept and applications of mutation in academics and other fields. This exposes the negative aspects of mutations in the real world that people use in their fields. The materials and methods I used to create the visuals and narrative involved lighting, characters, tables, pictures and figures. It was appropriate to use the images in order to make the audience become interactive with the topic. The sub-titles were used to guide the audience and emphasized on the illustration of plot development. It is apparent that the materials enable the audience to relate to the topic for easy understanding of the different terms. For instance, the pictures had to be accurate for the message to be easily conveyed without causing confusions. The mutation topic requires the real usage of concepts since it is a biological process that people experience. The message of the film is that mutation is the solution of evolution. This implies that if it can be controlled, then a better human race can be developed. Mutation has enabled the production of things that people use for various purposes and this needs control. This message of the film is significant in order to educate people on how mutation contributes to evolution. The process and viewing of the film informed my understanding of cell biology since it deepened my

Forced Labour Prison Camps Cultural Studies Essay

Forced Labour Prison Camps Cultural Studies Essay China has a long history and has been through many political changes to this day. This work emphasizes the Chinese human right problems, labour rights in the country and cases of companies that are good and bad examples of business ethics. Furthermore there is an emphasis on how Chinas economy is faced against the human rights issue and CSR corporate social responsibility of the companies studied. Human rights in China hit the international sense when confronted with the people that are forced to work in prison camps. The denial of these rights to the people makes them live below the level of acceptance for economic reason of other cause, e.g. (supply chain of multinationals). And they continue doing it and selling the goods produced internationally. As regards the Labour Rights, China is a recent player that had in 1995 created the first comprehensive Labour Law. On the other hand, Independent worker unions are not allowed making the government with full empowerment control by the m easures of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU). As to balance between good and bad examples we have pointed out HEG Electronics Samsungs Chinese Supplier (as a bad example) and KPMG China William E. Connor Associates Ltd. (as good example). The first company, the bad example, seems to use child labour, excessive overtime, lack of safity educantion, lack of labour protection and so on. That creates a big gap between official labour law and the actual fact. The second examples are two companies, based in Hong Kong, that are doing a good job in maintaining a clear evironment of work to employees and taking care of business, social and public sectors. INTRODUCTION : China has a 5,000-year history of civilization. We decided to have a brief review of some key dates that have marked Chinas history, which will allow us to get a better understanding of what is happening today in China. Our first focus will be on the period from 1966 to 1976, known under the name of Cultural Revolution. (Szczepanski, n.d.) Under the lead of Mao Zedong, the young people of China rose up against what they called the Four Olds : old customs, old culture, old habits and old ideas. Mao Zedong, used this wave of communist movement to bring the Chinese Communist Party (CPC) in charge of the country. The revolution generated a big chaos for the Chinese people and the country as a whole. The economy was collapsing, objects associated with Chinas pre-revolutionary past were liable to be destroyed, religion was banned, etc. Most importantly, for the entire decade of the Cultural Revolution, schools in China did not operate; this left an entire generation with no formal education.pointed out by Szczepanski (n.d.) The sufferings for the chinese population was enormous. At the end of the 1970s, the CPC had learned painful lessons from the cultural revolution and decided to shift the focus from national work to socialist modernization, as well as adopted the policies of reform and opening-up. The second focus of Chinas recent past will be on the Democracy movement in 1989.( BACKGROUND TO THE 1989 DEMOCRACY MOVEMENT, n.d.) During the spring of 1989, a peaceful protest movement had been carried out by students and civilians in Chinas major cities over a period of two months. More than a million people demanded a democratic reform and a halt to Chinas escalating corruption problem. The troops of the govermnent opened fire on unarmed students and civilians who resisted the suppression. It is said that more than 2000 people died and around 500 were imprisoned, but the official numbers of dead, imprisoned or disappeared people is unknown because the Chinese government refuses to carry out a investigation or accounting of the events of June 1989. Today, China has a major political and economic importance in the contemporary world. Its phenomenal economic progress has made China one of the most important players in world economy. Its growing economic power has strengthened its political authority in Asia and the world. China is still widely perceived as a country which does not, or only scantily respects human rights. This poor reputation does not just refer to Communist China in general and the Cultural Revolution, but has been carved into our brain since the violent crackdown of the 1989 democracy movement. Whether we are outspoken critics of China as one of the worst human rights offenders or feel it is better to praise China for its progress than to nag on the shortcomings, it is clear that the issue is of major importance and that the future of China and human rights are interdependent. Tiananmen Square 1989 China Laogai forced labour prison camps As we have seen in our introduction, China is still in their first steps of becoming a democracy in western standards. Its recent history is marked by communism, where human rights were not always respected. One example to illustrate this are the forced labour prison camps known as Laogai. We will see how these camps are directly or indirectly linked to western corporations and how products made by people in those prison camps under very poor working conditions end up in our hands. First of all, lets have a closer look what a Laogai camp exactly is: The term Laogai means reform through labour, which is the Chinese system of labour prison factories, detention centers, and re-education camps designed by Mao Zedong in the early 1950s. It has been adapted across China to punish and reform criminals by enforcing them working as free labour. However ¼Ã…’instead of looking at the contribution to the Chinese economy made by those prision labour force ¼Ã…’the Laogai system hightlights the deprivation of individuals of basic human rights. It can be easily found inside the Laogai system that prisoners are frequently exposed into cirrcustances such as cruel,degrading treatment and oftentimes tortured. These human rights abuses ¼Ã…’ to a large degree, violate both Chinese and international human rights norms. (Pejan, n.d.) While, The Laogai system has also been criticized of creating an incentive to incarcerate increasing numbers of potentially innocent individuals. (THE LAOGAI: EXERCISING DICTATORSHIP OVER DISSENT,n.d.) It has been noticed by LAOGAI RESEARCH FOUNDATION(2011, p.5) that Chinas Laogai system is mainly drived by production for both domestic and international consumption. The involements of Laogai camps in production process are highly varied. For instance, Laogai prisoners may take care of the whole production process of one certain item or just simply assemble part of it. The thing is those products made under laogai system are not accepted by U.S. law. Which means it is illegal to import products produced in Laogai camps to the USA market. However, it seems this law is not widely respected by big multinational corporations. As Corsi (2006) argued in his article that most of U.S companies ¼Ã‹â€ including Wal-Mart ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °are willing to sell Chinese made goods by taking advantage of the chinese slave labor. Moreover, even worse in Europe, there is no regulation exist that forbids the importation of such goods, claimed European Parliament(2010). More recently, the broadcaster Al Jazeera pointed out the Laogai camps by launching a documentary called Slavery: A 21st Century Evil.(2012) Shortly after this, the international broadcaster Al Jazeera was forced to close its offices in China.( Al Jazeera English forced out of China,2012) http://www.taichichuan.co.uk/information/articles/images/heterodox001.jpg Labour Rights: In China, as we saw with the example of the Laogai prisons, basic human rights can be closely related to the labour rights. We will now have a closer look on the evolution of labour rights in China and how they are (or not) respected by international corporations. Chinas socialist legal system was first set up in 1949. During he period from 1949 to the mid-1950s, China promulgated the Common Program of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference, in the character of an interim constitution and some other laws, which had a significant influence on consolidating the new-born political power, maintaining social order and reviving the national economy. The concept of a labour law is very recent in China. Its first comprehensive labour law went into effect on January 1. 1995, and represents the regimes most recent efforts to grapple with problems brought on by the transition to a socialist market economy. The PRC Labour Law extends a number of specific benefits to workers. These include  « guarantees  » respecting equal opportunity in employment, job selection, compensation, rest, leave, safety and health care but also vocational training, social security, welfare, and the right to submit disputes to arbitration. The Peoples Republic of China has seen many changes in the structure of its economy and in the treatment of workers employed by economic enterprises. While the Labour Law of the PRC represents a major step toward articulating legal norms on the protection of workers rights, it still reflects the imperatives of Chinese government policies of economic growth and the Chinese Communist Partys concerns with political control. Thus provisions on contract labour and the role of trade unions appear to serve the interests of the Party/state to a greater extent than they do the interests of Chinese workers. The new law also faces significant impediments to full implementation. Nonetheless, in the context of the transition to a socialist market economy the new labour code does represent significant progress in the ongoing challenge of managing labour relations in China. In 2008, the government introduced a Labor Contract Law that rolled back some of the laissez-faire approaches to the workforce that the government introduced in the 1990s. This new law abolished the system of at-will employment for most full-time employees and required employers to provide employees with written contracts. Since 2008, the government has also revisited its policy of tight control over the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU). While all unions must still be approved by and affiliated with ACFTU, it appears that the government is allowing the ACFTU greater authority to advocate for the rights of workers than it did just a few years ago. That said, the government continues to imprison workers who advocate for the formation of independent trade unions. In China, 2010 was a year of significance in the development of labour-related legislation. It saw the 60th anniversary of New Chinas first Trade Union Law and the 15th anniversary of the countrys first Labour Law. It was also a year that witnessed a significant increase of labour disputes in the country, including the scandal of workers suicides in Foxconn (Apples contract manufacturer for many products) and the strikes in Honda China. It was against this background that an international conference Chinese Trade Union and Labour Law: Past, Present and Future was organised in August in Beijing to critically review and assess these laws and their implementation as well as other relevant issues concerning labour in China and to identify the prospects for Chinese workers in future.( Zhao,Zhao and Fan, 2011) It has been well illustrated in World Report 2012: China (2012), China 2011 presented a lack of representative work union which creates a problem for the workers that cannot ask for the betterment of wages and general conditions. The government prohibits independent labour unions which makes out of All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU) the only legal representative of workers in China. Systemic discrimination on migrants is continued to be imposed by the hukou (house hold registration), said a government survey on migrant workers in January. The system unfairly limits the access to housing, medical services, and education. In august 2011 the government ordered closure of 24 illegal private schools that catered to migrant children. Most found alternate schools other had their children was sent to hukou-linked schools in rural areas because the parents could not afford school in Beijing. 1) HEG Electronics Samsungs Chinese Supplier Employs Underage Workers With the example of HEG Electronics we will try to illustrate that the labour rights in China are in some cases not respected which leads to poor working conditions for their employees. China Labour Watch, a non-profit organisation based in New York. As stated on their official website, they have been aimed at assessing and re-evaluating labour conditions in hundreds of manufacturing factories most of whose partners are transnational companies. In August 2012, it published a report called Samsungs Supplier Factory Exploiting Child Labor(2012) which points out the following working conditions in HEG Electronics: Child Labour Abuse Hiring Discrimination Excessive Overtime Labour Contracts, Wage Rates, Reward and Punishment System Appalling Cafeteria and Dormitory Conditions Lack of Safety Education and Labour Protection The problems also haven been addressed by European Parliament (Infringement of normal labour standards in some Chinese factories, 2012), especially the abuse of underage labour. As indicated by members  of  China  Labor  Watch, the student labour accounts for 80% of total labour force in HEG factories and most of them work under the same harsh working conditions as adults but with even less wage paid. (China  Labor  Watch, 2012,p.3) Furthermore, an interesting website called stop samsung no more deaths! describes the correlation between Samsung and his subsidiary HEG Electronics: Samsung provides fixed assets and other equipment to the Chinese contractor, the survey said. More than 50 Samsung employees are posted to HEG production facilities.(stopsamsung,2012) On the HEG Electronics website you can find the following statement: Heg always adhere to the people-oriented concept, so that development for staff development rely on employees, corporate efforts to the fruits of development to benefit the general staff. Employees are our most valuable resources and wealth, and the healthy growth of the employees is the success of our cause and an important foundation for enterprises to obtain sustainable development and protection. We always adhere to the people-oriented, advocating equality and non-discriminatory employment policies to respect and protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees and cherish the staff of life, health and safety; respect for labour, respect knowledge, respect talent, respect for creation, major decisions and important production operating activities focus on the mobilization of all the staffs enthusiasm and creativity, and focus on improving the quality of staff. Enterprise development innovations to benefit the general staff efforts to achieve the organic unity of the enterprise value and the value of employees. Enriching the cultural life of the employees, the company is active in a variety of cultural and recreational activities such as basketball, soccer, table tennis, and staff in his spare time to relax, keep fit, cultivate character, enhanced teamwork for employees to create a good the casual environment conditions. If you put into contrast HEG Electronics declaration on their website where they describe their employees as their most valuable resource and wealth and the report from the organisation China Labour Watch which points out that the company is exploiting child labour, you can deduce that there is a big gap between what is the official labour law and what some companies are doing on an everyday basis. 1) KPMG China Caring Company Award KPMG China has been presented with the Caring Company Award by the Hong Kong Council of Social Service for tenth consecutive years (from 2002 2012). The award recognises private companies in Hong Kong which demonstrate good corporate citizenship. It is complimented by the Outstanding Partnership Project Award in 2006 and 2008, which honours KPMGs partnership with the Society of Community Organization (SoCO) for supporting the children in need and Youth Business Hong Kong (YBHK) for mentoring the entrepreneurial youth on starting up and running their businesses respectively. The mission of the Caring Company Scheme is to build a caring community by encouraging corporate citizenships and strategic partnerships among the business, public and social service sectors in Hong Kong. Awards are presented each year to recognise organisations with outstanding involvement in corporate social responsibility programmes. 2) William E. Connor Associates Ltd. One of Worlds Most Ethical Companies Behind some of the biggest household names in luxury fashion and home accessories is a name the average consumer may not know, William E. Connor Associates Ltd. (www.weconnor.com). The Hong Kong based global sourcing company, representing elite worldwide brands, announced today that it has been recognized by the Ethisphere Institute, the leading U.S. business ethics think-tank, as one of 2012 Worlds Most Ethical Companies. Connor is the first Asia based company in the sourcing industry to receive the award. Meeting demanding scrutiny, Connor secured a hard-earned spot on the list by employing and maintaining upright business practices and initiatives that are instrumental to the companys success; benefit the communities in which the company operates; and raise the bar for ethical standards within the industry. Connors business model is unique among its global competitors the company does not hold an equity interest in any factory, nor receive any financial benefit from factories. Connors earnings are generated only from client commissions. Connor has the highest standards in the industry, ensuring their clients and ultimately, consumers receive apparel, decorative items and furniture, manufactured under responsible, fair working conditions. Conclusion: China is a country that is economically very relevant in the present times, but it potentially could easily become the first world power in a certain period of time. The question is: is China ready? On our opinion, it has a long way to go, specially on the ethics field. On one hand, it is undeniable that there has been some change over the years, implementing new legislation to protect workers and to regulate the business environment, but on the other, China still has a lot of dark episodes where human rights are not respected at all, and in order to progress, this has to change. To make this possible, a good initiative would be eliminating the Laogai prisons. They were created many years ago, and the fact that they still exist is a sign of the poor mentality that remains in certain areas of the country. To push this forward, western countries should also put political pressure on China, making them see that human rights must be respected above all things. Another good improvement would be the implementation of a renovated corporate social responsability. Although there has been some efforts, companies in China are far behind in this matter compared to other parts of the world. The end does not justify the means, and child labour or overexplotation are not acceptable in a country with so much economic weight. With a new CSR, the ethical awarness of the companies will be higher, and as a consecuence, the reputation of many enterprises will change. China has a lot of work to do, but future could be very bright if the rights approaches are taken. The good examples that we have found in our research show the path to follow, and hopefully with the years they can become a model of how an ethical country should be.

How Have Cell Phones Changed Our Society Research Paper

– 1 – Alexia Corbett 3-12-2009 CELLULAR PHONES INFLUENCE(s) AND IMPACT(s) ON SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AND INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS This paper seeks to explore how cellular phones (cell phones/mobiles) have influenced and impacted social interactions and interpersonal relationships. There have been a number of suggested theories and studies that have been contributed to the rising popularity and commonality of cell phones as to how they are affecting the way individuals are interacting in society.Some of these include, a change in the concept of time and space (Fortunati, 2002), lack of face-to-face interaction (Thompson and Cupples, 2008), the maintenance of relationships, social absences, and social dependency (Reid and Reid, 2004). In addition to these ideas, it has also been suggested that the use of cell phones has had a negative affect on social relationships, grammar, and increased social anxiety (Tully, 2003). BACKGROUND Technologies are an ever-changing aspect of this day and age. New gadgets and ideas are always trying to simplify life and bring people closer together.The cellular phone was first developed in Sweden in 1956, but had no conveniences about it, nor did the average person have access to it. It weighed 90 pounds, and was as inconvenient as having a landline with a 10-foot long cord. Following several trials and developments, in 1978 Bell Labs, working with Motorola created the first generation of a cellular network (Fortunati, 2002). Although this first generation network was not approved by the FCC until 1982, it brought into focus the ability to create a – 2 – form of communication that would allow anyone to make a phone call when it was convenient for them.Following improvements within the second and third generations of cell phone networks and accessibility, cell phones went from becoming an item of luxury for those who could afford it, to an everyday necessity. For anyone operating in the modern world, in addi tion to being able to make phone calls on a cellular phone, in 2000 SMS (Short Message Service) was introduced to allow individuals to send a message to someone else’s mobile device without the necessity of making a phone call. Today, the global cellular phone market now stands at approximately 1. billion subscribers, and is forecasted to reach 3 billion by the end of 2010 (Reid and Reid, 2007). In contrast with instances in the past, having a cell phone of your own is more of the social norm vs. not having a cell phone of your own. Cell phones are taking over on a global level not just a local level, which allows individuals to have the sense of security that wherever they go, they will be able to remain in social contact with those whom are in their social networks. Communication and the way that individuals interact with each other is a huge dynamic of sociology.The cell phone is changing the way in which all of this interaction occurs, which makes it sociologically releva nt. With the creation and accessibility of cell phones, more and more individuals own their own cell phone, and using them everyday to communicate within their social network. Cell phones also make individuals available anywhere, and anytime, which changes the way that individuals are choosing to interact in social settings with other individuals. In this paper I will show how the cell phone has had an impact on social relationships and social interactions in today’s society.I will first show how the concept of having a cellular phone has changed the concept of social space and time among social relationships and interactions. Second, I will show how individuals have shown to have some form of a dependency to the use – 3 – and possession of a cellular phone. Following that, I will provide research that demonstrates how SMS (Short Message Service) has taken on its own form of communication in relationships, and has become more predominate in comparison to voice c alls.Lastly I will provide an overall conclusion of the impact that the use of cellular phones has had in regards to social interactions and interpersonal relationships. The Change of Space and Time/Proximal Relationships Since the 18 th century, the idea of using the telephone has always been a fixed mentality in regards to accessibility. The phone was located at a fixed location, usually in a home or office, and you would have to be in that location where the phone was in order to be able to receive and answer incoming phone calls.This bore the concept of â€Å"sitting and waiting by the phone† for someone to call, since at one time it was the only option. With the development of technologies, there have been ways to alter this mentality; there was the creation of the answering machine, which allowed for you to access messages from missed phone calls when you returned home, which did not always allow for a prompt relay of a message nor reply, and more recently the creation and distribution of the cellular phone. Cellular phones have taken this concept and spun it around on itself.With the development of cellular phones, individuals are able to remain in close and instantaneous contact with members of their social network regardless of where they are in the world. In addition to keeping up with social relationships, individuals have also been able to increase productivity with their work because they can be hundreds of miles away from the office, and still have instant access to their e-mail, documents and contacts wherever they are (Tully, 2003). There is no longer a disconnection. – 4 –The concept of being accessible anywhere and anytime has shown to have both positives and negative results in a social setting; older generations for example have typically been scornful of younger generations pulling out their cell phones in restaurants, classrooms, public transportation and other public spaces (Banjor, Hun and Sundar 2007). Cell phone u sage in a public place typically generates a negative response when used in close approximation to other individuals, as it is seen as a disturbance to their personal space, with little or no consideration from the cell phone user.Social interaction signifies that we are aware of the existence of others, as well as implies active engagement between two or more parties (Banjor, Hun & Sundar 2007). Cell phones have allowed individuals to surpass time and space and have any conversation that they choose, wherever they choose. With public conversation comes public invasion, meaning that you are invading into other’s personal spaces by talking out loud about your own personal spaces coming off as inconsiderate and/or rude which links to alienation of oneself.A trend that is becoming more apparent is present absences; this is the concept of how an individual’s presence in a social setting changes regardless of their physical presence, they are only half-present (Fortunati 20 08). After a ring or buzz of their mobile phone, they are drawn away somewhere else, away from their present situation and/or conversation. Through observation, researchers have found that individuals typically will not hesitate to interrupt an ongoing conversation to answer the ringing of their cell phone.This has several repercussions. In answering the ringing cell phone, the individual who is presently being conversed with, has described feeling a sense of being left alone, which can cause social anxiety, as well as resentment/annoyance towards the individual who answered the phone call (Humphreys 2009). The change of space and time through the use and accessibility of cellular phones has changed the way in which people communicate with other individuals.With the ease of being – 5 – accessible anywhere at anytime, individuals are finding that they are becoming dependent on their cell phone on a day-to-day basis. Cell phones are allowing individuals to stay in a cons tant connection with anyone and everyone in their social network. In the next section I will explain how this dependency is being seen, created and acted upon by individuals. Cell Phone Dependency As mentioned above, cell phones are becoming increasingly popular among the general population. Due to their increasing popularity, more and more people are obtaining them for themselves.In having a cell phone, individuals are becoming reliant on them from day-to-day to stay in contact with other individuals in their social networks, as described throughout this section. Cell phones are not a new concept for all generations. There are individuals who have gown up in the cell phone age, and do not think anything of it. Today, 45% of adolescents aged 12-17 possess a cellular phone in the United States (Leung 2008), making it one of, if not the, most popular way to communicate with other individuals. While cell phones have become less of a tatus symbol and more of a fashion statement, they ha ve also created an unspoken social dependency. Leisure boredom, which is a category of dependency to cell phones described as an individual who is found to become bored with their current situation, has proven to lead to cell phone dependency (Leung, 2008). For adolescents and young adults, as leisure boredom arose, they were more likely to be found engaging in SMS messages, making phone calls, accessing the internet from their phone or playing a mobile driven game.Once there is an element of boredom his or her attention is drawn immediately to his or her cell phone device for an instant connection – 6 – to someone, somewhere. Through a series of surveys it was shown that the higher rate of leisurely boredom, the more frequent use of a cell phone occurred (Leung 2008). Sensation seeking behavior has also linked adolescents and young adults to have the desire to take risks with relationships, rules and roles (Leung 2008). Individuals seek out entertainment and avoid bor edom; as with anything there are appropriate times and inappropriate times.This concept translates over to cell phone use as well, people will use their cell phones at appropriate and inappropriate times, simply to satisfy a social urge/want/need. This category was supported significantly by relationships between individuals who were cell phone addicted via sensation seeking, demonstrating that the cell phone was used more for entertainment, information and social connectivity (Leung 2008). For example, an individual using their cell phone on the side of the road when they break down vs. using their cell phone to just say ‘Hi’ to someone, or chitchat with another person.Self esteem, a third dependency category examined the standardized idea that individuals with low self esteem typically do not communicate as much with others, and are more prone to expect a negative response from those whom they do contact. However, it is thought that individuals who have low self estee m will actually use their cell phone more to try and establish social networks, and build relationships without having all of the pressures of a face-to-face encounter with an individual, as well as to try and reach out to other individuals (Reid and Reid 2007). Research shows that individuals ho have low self-esteem seek out more frequent use of the cell phone to seek to establish new relationships and try and gain an element of control in their social relationships. This makes it easier for individuals with lower self-esteem to form and maintain social relationships. Along with the factors listed above, many individuals have stated that they cannot imagine not having their cell phone with them on a daily basis. The integration of cell phones – 7 – into our daily lives is exaggerated in how younger generations talk about not being able to imagine themselves without their phones now (Thompson & Cupples 2008).Their imaginaries include cell phones; their senses of self a re tied up with this technology as is evident in the following quotations: I just can’t imagine myself without a cell phone now. . . when I don’t have my phone I always feel like I’m missing something . . . (Samantha, 14) My phone’s always in my skirt pocket at school so it’s just always there. And if I, like, leave it in my locker by accident, or it’s in my bag, I panic ’cos I don’t know where I’ve put it ’cos I’m used to having it in my pocket . . . it’s just a permanent part of you. Michelle, 15, emphasis added) Individuals are forming an attachment to their cell phones, which enables them to think that they cannot function without their cell phone on a day-to-day basis. There are many factors that lead to cell phone dependency, such as leisure boredom, sensation-seeking behavior and low self esteem as described above. Another aspect of the cellular world that contributes to dependency and changes the way in which we socially interact on a daily basis is SMS Text Messaging. SMS Text Messaging as a Social InteractionShort Message Service (SMS/Text Message) was first developed in 1990 in an effort to allow operators to notify customers when there was some type of a service issue or a network problem. This service has now become one of the most common ways in which individuals use their cell phones to communicate with others. In 2002 80% of all cell phone users in the United States were ‘Talkers’, however by 2006 that number was almost reduced by half, dropping to only 42%, with the other 58% being ‘Texters’ (Fernando 2007).Many researchers have expressed concern that the increased use of SMS messaging will cause face-to-face interaction to become non-existent, as well as poor grammar by frequent – 8 – users. Research has shown however, that text messaging between individuals can actually create stronger ties between individuals as well a s act as a buffer to face-to-face interactions with a new individual. Communicating through a text message allows individuals to not only take their time composing a more thought out reply, but it also alleviates the pressures that accompany a first encounter/face-to-face meeting.With the popularity of SMS messaging, individuals are using it more and more, and in an effort to send more text messages, a new language is being created that is making experts worried that grammar will overlooked. Individuals who are regular texters have created new acronyms for various words to get their point/idea across faster than if they were to type out the entire message. For example; LOL is the same as saying Laughing Out Loud, OMG is equivalent to Oh My God, and finally TTYL, which refers to Talk To You Later.SMS/Text messaging has become more popular among younger generations in comparison with older generations. Sending and receiving text messages is a form of communication with others that can be secretive and discrete; parents/teachers cannot intercept or have access to what is being sent back and forth. In 2001 Nokia conducted a worldwide survey of 3,300 people, under age 45, over 80% of those that were surveyed reported that text messaging was the most used function on their mobile phones (Reid and Reid 2004).With its popularity growing at an exponential rate, text/SMS messaging has also become a new way for individuals to form new relationships, and strengthen existing ones. Teens admitted spending nearly an equal amount of time talking as they do texting each month. The feature is so important to them that if texting was no longer an option, 47 percent of teens say their social life would end or be worsened – especially among females (54 percent compared to 40 percent of males) (CTIA Survey 2008).In addition, individuals claim to see text messaging as a comfortable, easy and effective means of communication for younger people (Thompson and – 9 – Couples 2008). Without the pressures that come along with a voice or face-to-face conversation, text messaging allows individuals the time to spend composing their thoughts and making edits to their responses before sending them to others. Composing thoughtful responses to text messages also allows for an element of privacy at any given time and /or place for individuals to communicate, thus relating back to the change in concept of Space & Time.Messaging back and forth allows for an often unseen and unheard communication between individuals, as well as fewer limitations to where and when they can communicate, and text messaging has served more for ‘filler’ communication, and less for functional/practical communication between individuals. Filler messages relate to messages regarding, friendship maintenance, romantic, social functions, and/or boredom and loneliness.A study on a group of undergraduates showed that only about one third of the text messages that were bein g sent were actually functional/practical information; the rest was a combination of filler messages (Reid & Reid 2004). Social interactions via text message seem to serve as more of an instant personal contact with someone else, without having to worry about your personal appearance and actual interaction. Sending and receiving text messages is a new concept for most generations, and changes the way in which individuals are required to interact.By communicating through text message, individuals are not required to interact with others socially in a face-to-face manner, they can do it all via messaging. While this is a convenient way and discrete way to communicate with another person, it has changed the way that individuals are reacting with others not only in a social setting, but also in how they are maintaining their existing relationships, and building new relationships. – 10 – CONCLUSION Our society today is one that is based on technology, and technological adva nces.Technology as a whole will always have an effect on the way that individuals function in society, and while there has not been a lot of research on the effects of cellular phone use, it has both positive and negative consequences. Cell phones in their small time in existence have changed the way in which individuals are interacting with each other. Cell phones have provided avenues for individuals to stay connected on a new level that does not depend on space or time, but is readily accessible at any time, anywhere.Never being disconnected has allowed social networks and relationships to be strengthened as well as new relationships formed. Cell phones have also allowed individuals all over the world whom, without the cell phone would never have access to all of the networks, assets and information that they do via the mobile phone. While it has provided a new avenue to social networking and interactions, the change in the space and time concept has also had a negative affect as well.Many of us have likely experienced a situation where we have been in the presence of a cell phone user who is engaging in some form of rude behavior that lacks respect for the individuals around them. Cell phones have changed the way that individuals socially interact. Individuals are communicating more via text messages and cell phones than they are face-to-face, changing our social environment. Individuals have become enveloped in their cell phones and less aware of their social surroundings, missing out on possible new social interactions.There is still a lot of future research still needs to be done on the long-term affects of the mobile phone and social relationships. Something that should be looked at is how the mobile phone effects relationships over time, as well as what the long term health effects are, and how the access and use of cell phones varies through different socioeconomic classes. However, you – 11 – can see how in its short history, cell phon es have already had a huge impact on the way individuals interact with one another. – 12 – References â€Å"Teens Who Text. â€Å"2008.Communications of the ACM 51(11):19-19 (http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=aph&AN=35211892&site=ehostlive). â€Å"New Information Technologies and the Fate of Rationality in Contemporary Culture. â€Å"2006. Russian Social Science Review 47(6):65-85. Agosto, Denise E. and Sandra Hughes-Hassell. 2005. â€Å"People, places, and questions: An investigation of the everyday life information-seeking behaviors of urban young adults. † Library & Information Science Research (07408188) 27(2):141-163. Atkin, Charles K. 1972. â€Å"Anticipated Communication and Mass Media Information-Seeking. The Public Opinion Quarterly 36(2):188-199. Boase, Jeffery. 2008. â€Å"Personal Networks and the Personal Communication System. † Information, Communication & Society 11(4):490-508. Fernando, Angelo. 2007. â€Å"If you text it, they may come. † Communication World 24(4):11-12 (http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=ufh&AN=25547883&site=ehostlive). Fortunati, Leopoldina. 2002. â€Å"The Mobile Phone: Towards New Categories and Social Relations. † Information, Communication & Society 5(4):513. – 13 – Hu, Yifeng, S. S. Sundar and Omotayo Banjo. 006. â€Å"Cell Phone Usage and Social Interaction with Proximate Others: Ringing in a Theoretical Model. † Conference Papers — International Communication Association:1-30. Humphreys, Lee. 2005. â€Å"Cellphones in public: social interactions in a wireless era. † New Media & Society 7(6):810-833. Igarashi, Tasuku, Tadahiro Motoyoshi, Jiro Takai and Toshikazu Yoshida. 2008. â€Å"No Mobile, No Life: Self-Perception and Text-Message Dependency among Japanese High School Students. † Computers in Human Behavior 24(5):2311-2324. Katz, James E. 2007. Mobile Media and Communication: Some I mportant Questions. † Communication Monographs 74(3):389-394 (http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=aph&AN=26386708&site=ehostlive). Leung, Louis. 2008. â€Å"Leisure boredom, sensation seeking, self esteem, and addiction: Symptoms and patterns of cell phone use. † Pp 359-381 in Mediated Personal Communication. Edited by S. B. Barnes, E. A. Konijn, M. Tanis, and S. Utz. New York, NY: RoutledgeMcfedries, Paul. 2002. â€Å"All Thumbs. † IEEE Spectrum 39(10):68 (http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=aph&AN=8930492

Group Brand Audit Project Essay

Your group assignment is to pick a brand from the list of brands(attached) and conduct a thorough brand audit. Each group must study and analyze a different brand. Brands will be assigned on a â€Å"first come, first serve† basis. Post your group’s choice of brand and gp number on the â€Å"questions for Prof/TA† board so that everyone can see your group’s choice. This way, the other gps will know which brands are already taken on a first come first serve basis. Once your gp posts a Brand choice (that is not already taken)- it’s yours. The brand audit analysis will be based on information from public secondary sources, company web sites, as well as your own professional experiences and insights. Surveys or primary research are not required but can certainly be conducted and used as needed. The final Powerpoint report should be submitted using the assignment link on elearning. The length of the Brand Audit report should be approx. 30-40 ppt slides (not including any appendices or references). Typically a thorough audit requires 30-40 hours of work which divided among 6 or 7 gp members usually amounts to an average of about 5-6 hrs of work per student. The following format and guideline will help streamline the approach and the process. A tentative example is available for you to review on page 132 of the textbook. This Rolex example is only that†¦an example†¦just a very brief and concise example. I. Brand Inventory A current, comprehensive profile of how all products and services sold by a company are marketed and branded. Read Also: List of Exploratory Essay Topics This is mainly the supply-side view of the company and the brand. Should include (but not limited to): History of the brand Identification of all brand elements (logos, symbols, characters, packaging, slogans, trademarks). Brand architecture. Description of attributes of the product/idea/service. Profile of direct and indirect competitive brands (use points of parity and points of difference). Include market share and other relevant facts and figures. ‘Brand Architecture’ and ‘Hierarchy’ and ‘brand product matrix’ (where applicable). Pricing, profitability and market share of the brand. Distribution channels and policies. Supporting marketing communications/promotional programs. Brand personality as reflected by the brand elements and existing marketing mix. 1 II. Brand Exploratory This is usually the more challenging research and analytical component of this assignment. Actual consumer perceptions may or may not reflect those intended by the marketer. The Brand exploratory is aimed at understanding what consumers feel and think about the brand in order to identify sources of brand equity. Should include (but not limited to): Customer knowledge of the brand (include â€Å"Brand Mental Map†). Brand Associations: awareness, strength, favorability, consistency and uniqueness of brand associations. Main sources of Brand Equity (possible threats to Brand Equity) Customer-Based Brand Equity Pyramid (CBBE pyramid) Problem areas/inconsistencies of perception vs. market reality. The size, profile and buying behavior of the most important customer segments. The depth and breath of ‘Brand Awareness’. A perceptual map showing the brand and its main competitors along the most important brand attributes. III. Conclusion & Recommendations: Should include (but not limited to): SWOT analysis. A proposal for a ‘positioning’ statement. Recommendations concerning how to measure, build and manage additional Brand Equity. IV. Appendix: Supporting/additional Tables, Charts, Graphs, Figures, Photos, etc. V. References: List only the material that you actually refer to in the report. Choose from this list of Brands (most of them from Business Week’s 100 Best Global Brands) Post your gp’s choice on the â€Å"Ques for Prof/TA† board on a first come first serve basis.